| Abstraction - |
(Software Engineering) (1) the level of technical detail of some representation of software; (2) a cohesive model of data or an algorithmic procedureAction (also called Software engineering action) - |
| Activation |
(english) The changing of the passive surface of a metal to a chemically active state. Contrast with passivation.
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| Adeline Steelmaking Process |
(english) Method of producing a precision casting of steel or steel alloys using aluminolthermic process and lost wax, followed by centrifugal action.
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| Adsorption Water |
(Concrete Engineering) Water held on surfaces in a material by either physical and/or chemical forces.
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| aerodynamics |
วิชาว่าด้วยพลังและความเคลื่อนไหวของอากาศ
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| Aging 2 |
(english) A change in properties that occurs at ambient or moderately elevated temperatures after hot working or a heat treating operation (quench aging in ferrous alloys), or after a cold working operation (strain aging). The change in properties is often, but not always, due to a phase change (precipitation), but does not involve a change in chemical composition. In a metal or alloy, a change in properties that generally occurs slowly at room temperature and more rapidly at higher temperatures.
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| Amicable Settlement |
การตกลงอย่างฉันท์มิตร
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| Anabolism |
(Environmental Engineering) Biosynthesis, the production of new cellular materials from other organic or inorganic chemicals.
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| atomic energy |
พลังงานปรมาณู
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| atomic weight |
น้ำหนักของปรมาณูของธาตุแท้ใด ๆ ย่อมเปรียบเทียบได้กับปรมาณูของไฮโดรเจน
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| Attached growth reactor |
(Environmental Engineering) A reactor in which the microorganisms are attached to engineered surfaces within the reactor. Examples of attached growth reactors are the trickling filter and the rotating biological contactor. See suspended growth reactor.
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| Autotrophic |
(Environmental Engineering) Organisms which utilize inorganic carbon for synthesis of protoplasm. Ecologists narrow the definition further by requiring that autotrophs obtain their energy from the sun. In microbiologist parlance, this would be a photoautotroph. See photoautotrophic and chemoautotrophic.
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| Bacteria |
(Environmental Engineering) One celled microorganisms which do not have a nuclear membrane.
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| Bainite |
(english) A eutectoid transformation product of ferrite and a fine dispersion of carbide, generally formed at temperatures below 840 to 930 F (450 to 500 C): upper bainite is an aggregate containing parallel lath-shape units of ferrite, produces the so-called feathery appearance in optical microscopy, and is formed at temperatures above about 660 F (350 C); lower bainite consists of individual plate-shape units and is formed at temperatures below about 660 F (350 C). Also, a slender, needle-like (acicular) microstructure appearing in spring steel strip characterized by toughness and greater ductility than tempered Martensite. Bainite is a decomposition product of Austenite best developed at interrupted holding temperatures below those forming fine pearlite and above those giving Martensite.
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| Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) |
(english) "WHAT A pear-shaped furnace, lined with refractory bricks, that refines molten iron from the blast furnace and scrap into steel. Up to 30% of the charge into the BOF can be scrap, with hot metal accounting for the rest. WHY BOFs, which can refine a heat (batch) of steel in less than 45 minutes, replaced open-hearth furnaces in the 1950s; the latter required five to six hours to process the metal. The BOF's rapid operation, lower cost and ease of control give it a distinct advantage over previous methods. HOW Scrap is dumped into the furnace vessel, followed by the hot metal from the blast furnace. A lance is lowered from above, through which blows a high-pressure stream of oxygen to cause chemical reactions that separate impurities as fumes or slag. Once refined, the liquid steel and slag are poured into separate containers. "
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| Basis path testing - |
(Software Engineering) a white box test case design technique that used the algorithmic flow of the program to design tests
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| Batch Anneal |
(english) The process by which a large, stationary stack of steel coils (4 coils high) is subjected to a long heat-treating cycle. This process enables the cold-rolled sheet to fully recrystallize into the softest possible product conforming to customer specifications. Controlling the recrystallization process makes a fine-grained microstructure easy to obtain, and minimizes the tendencies for retention of directional properties of the rolled steel which could produce undesirable shapes in the stamping of a cylindrical part such as a can. Also see Anneal and Continuous Anneal.
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| BE |
(english) Chemical symbol for Beryllium
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| BI |
(english) Chemical symbol for Bismuth
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| Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) |
(Environmental Engineering) The amount of oxygen required to oxidize any organic matter present in a water during a specified period of time, usually 5 days. It is an indirect measure of the amount of organic matter present in a water.
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